PCB Trace Width calculator: When making PCBs you sometimes needs a trace that will handle a lot of current. Rainfall calculator. Therefore the total charge is difficult to calculate. Use this donation calculator to find, calculate, as well as document the value of non-cash donations. com - Stellar U. The inner width (B) is the one that defines the tyre shape, by pinching its sidewalls. This page is currently unavailable. 84", have a circumference of 78. Disclaimer: While every attempt has been made to ensure the information presented on these WEB pages is correct and upto date, The PCB company or any of their associated companies will not be held responsible or liable for any errors or ommissions in the information presented. The Guide To Lionel FasTrack FasTrack was introduced in 2003 and is now Lionel's most popular track system. From electrostatic theory, it is known that a charge produces a voltage at a distance r from the charge. 5oz/ft*ft, 1oz/ft*ft, and 2oz/ft*ft. If you need to supply 1A through a trace, it'd need to be much wider (to find out how much, exactly, use a trace width calculator). Effects on vehicle * It varies based on designing aspects, the larger wheelbase means less maneuverability and high stability. trace width/space 12 mil), 6 oz (min. If the amount of current rises continuously, at one point, it would be unsafe for the circuit as well as the board. com These trace width calculators will prompt you to enter design specifications such as the thickness of copper, the maximum amperage that will pass through the trace, the length of the trace, and the acceptable increase in temperature due to the resistance of the trace dissipating power. The maximum speed is the speed of light with 3 × 108 m/s. A good heat insulator blankets the internal layers, so they get hotter for a given width and current. NET Core built-in DI. 33 pounds per foot. Well organized and easy to understand Web building tutorials with lots of examples of how to use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, PHP, Python, Bootstrap, Java and XML. Calculate volume capacity from length, width and height; User Guide. my only issue is being that its 16 amps @ 12volts is the trace widths to hold that much. The measurements are usually pretty easy with the rim off the car, and it is always best to start with these numbers as guidelines. Click on the “Global Design Rules” tab of the “Design Rules Editor” window that appears. A searchable online help would be, well, a big help. We needed to design the traces powering those pins so that they could carry sufficient current (4-5 amps). PCB design toolkit - PCB Via Current | PCB Trace Width | Differential Pair Calculator | PCB Impedance The Saturn PCB Toolkit is the best resource for PCB related calculations you can find. com - Stellar U. so what is the relationship between PCB trace width and space and current? The following is a brief explanation of this: The PCB trace width/space and current calculation method is as follows:. 6A in outer layer of a standard 1 oz copper PCB. Rectangle Perimeter Diagonal Calculator. width: trace width s_or_g: use "g" if the trace is grounded. Following equation or formula is used for Microstrip Width Calculator. We needed to design the traces powering those pins so that they could carry sufficient current (4-5 amps). But before you jump in, make sure that you are ready with your list of inputs necessary for creating a budget. Know the specifications of the manufacturer. com These trace width calculators will prompt you to enter design specifications such as the thickness of copper, the maximum amperage that will pass through the trace, the length of the trace, and the acceptable increase in temperature due to the resistance of the trace dissipating power. 74 x 10-8 (Ω⋅m), the resistivity of copper at 20°Celsius. Calculator for PCB parameters. Whilst every effort has been made in building this feet and inches converter, we are not to be held liable for any special, incidental, indirect or consequential damages or monetary losses of any kind arising out of or in connection with the use of the converter tools and information derived from the web site. If we keep increasing the current, a point will come where it will be unsafe or undesirable for the temperature to increase. If the conductor thickness is set to zero, the loss will only include the dielectric loss component. If you want new tool please mail to:[email protected] If you can't find the rubber track size stamped on the track, you can measure the track yourself. In the foot-pound-second (FPS) system, the units are. Hope it helps. You can make not only simple math calculations and calculation of interest on the loan and bank lending rates, the calculation of the cost of works and utilities. Listed in alphabetical order. CSS-Tricks * is created, written by, and maintained by Chris Coyier and a team of swell people. A trace width calculator lets you determine the trace width of your PCB which will allow the chosen current to pass without heating the traces so much that it ends up damaging the board. Differential impedance is defined as the impedance between the two lines when the line pair is driven differentially. Quickly calculate concrete slab and footing pours by entering the depth, width and length to find the number of cubic yards or bags of concrete needed for your project. Please select whether you have a maximum voltage drop as given value or a required power output. A wider trace will have higher current carrying capacity. You may use this online tool to calculate an estimate of the minimum trace width for a given current and copper weight. Next, if the actual release height is 2h, calculate (b), the normal force. If you need to supply 1A through a trace, it'd need to be much wider (to find out how much, exactly, use a trace width calculator). PCB Impedance and Capacitance Calculator calculate the impedance and capacitance of PCB traces. Overall Width Calculator. All documents are in PDF format, Adobe Reader is required to view. Differential Gear Ratio Calculator: Lift Changes with Rocker Arm Ratio Variations. For this situation, my friend and I were assuming the same sidewall to width ratio by having a smaller diameter wheel on the wider tire. The reason for the designers to specify the PCB trace width in their Garber files is the prevention of PCB from overheating and any other damage. When i calculate the trace width on the PCB, do I still need to calculate it as if it were 4 amps?. In this calculator the wall comes with one stud on each end. A cross-section of a microstrip transmission line is shown below. Therefore, power lines should be wider because all the current is supplied by these wires. PCB Trace Width Calculator is used to find the trace width of printed circuit boards based on a curve fit to IPC 2. This calculator computes the trace width of a microstrip given the following information: maximum current, trace thickness, temperature rise, ambient temperature, and length. Examples of lines, circle, rectangle, and path. A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components on a circuit board. However, the pulse is only about 15 micro seconds long, so it is a really low duty cycle. When i calculate the trace width on the PCB, do I still need to calculate it as if it were 4 amps?. • PCB Trace Width : Conductor thickness, ampacity, temperature rise • Pi-Pad Calculator: Use Online or Download from Engineers. These models range in thickness from 1 Oz. What should I do? 1d. The pick-up location, drop-off location, time of rental and date of rental selected in a reservation is a preference only and, if a preference selected is not available, Budget Truck Rental ("BTR") reserves the right to offer a customer alternatives. So how do I reduce the trace width to something smaller than the default size, which is massive? I'd like to get it down to the width of an SOIC pin pad. THESE FORMULAS ARE APPROXIMATIONS! They should not be used when a high degree of accuracy is required. A vehicle's track, or track width, is the distance between the center line of each of the two wheels on the same axle on any given vehicle. It decomposes matrix using LU and Cholesky decomposition. PCB design toolkit – PCB Via Current | PCB Trace Width | Differential Pair Calculator | PCB Impedance The Saturn PCB Toolkit is the best resource for PCB related calculations you can find. Enter track width in conductor width Enter prepreg height in conductor height (the distance between the copper layers excluding their thickness) Click 'solve' Now adjust the track width until you get the impedance (Zo) you need. Select a Product Type. This calculator calculates the trace resistance of a PCB. Selected calculations. Select a Product Type. Click on the map to start drawing. PCB Trace Width calculator: When making PCBs you sometimes needs a trace that will handle a lot of current. Engraving / PCB Trace Width Calculator This allows you to enter the bit angle an…. 19 (Contact Stresses) of Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design. Using transient analysis, the currents of each wire are calculated first. PCB trace width calculator Calculates the width of a PCB trace at a given current Example 1: Must calculate the PCB track width for a current of 1. A TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry) test can be performed to confirm the impedance for an additional cost. This calculator can help. developerWorks blogs allow community members to share thoughts and expertise on topics that matter to them, and engage in conversations with each other. Explore vector representations, and add air resistance to investigate the factors that influence drag. An easy way to measure seat width is to place a book on each side of the hips while seated then measure the distance between the. three formulas to find height, width and radius of an arc. The maximum current that a stripline can safely handle is a function of its width. Calculate speed or height at one position from information about a different position. search area. This tool supports calculation of PCB trace widths according to voltage drops or required power output. If you'd like to make the pleats larger or smaller than the example above, calculate it by multiplying the desired number of pleats to the length of the folds, then add that to the width of the window. Advanced Circuits has been the leading PCB quick turn manufacturer since 1989. I used your PCB trace width calculator. For this reason, trace width is important in the design of striplines. As a general rule of thumb, the minimum Route Trace Width is 1. Use our circumference calculator to find the radius when you only have the circumference or area of a circle. Synthesize. Also note that the discussed requirements here are related only to breakdown safety. 33 pounds per foot. The Trace Width is the parameter in question which should be 8. One is to count nodes at a given level (getWidth), and other is to get the maximum. In global Design Rules you will find the Values for minimum Track width, minimum Via Diameter and minimum Via drill diameter. Impedance control. Follow the chart on page 6. Cable is calculated on current capacity 2. A best-fit circle is placed on the glenoid to calculate the expected width prior to bone loss. In this case it has to be. Here you will find our Track Width Calculator for pre PCB design study. On most vehicles, the track width will differ between the front and rear axles since they perform different functions. Also available is a ceiling height calculator. I have PWM pulses at about 4A. Roofing a house is usually a job best left to professionals. This property can have from one to four values. The surface finish is neglected. Because Internet Explorer's maximum URL length is shorter than other browsers, your project cannot be saved properly in this browser. only in conjunction with my own spreadsheets to calculate weight transfer, and only because I can't justify the cost of anything more. It says that the standard distance between railroad rails in the U. This circumference to diameter calculator is used to find the diameter of a circle given its circumference. I used all trace's width 0. Table Range:0 to 30 Amps, 0 to 0. This calculator computes the trace width of a stripline if the maximum current, trace thickness, temperature rise, ambient temperature and length. The source for formulas used in this calculator (except where otherwise noted) is the Design Guide for Electronic Packaging Utilizing High-Speed Techniques (4th Working Draft, IPC-2251, February 2001. You can calculate your wire size with this calculator : (Grounded) coplananar wave guide calculator; coplanar waveguide. com • PLL Phase Noise Calculator : Hittite's tool for selecting the best HMC divider, counter, phase frequency detector and VCO to simulate & achieve optimal PLL phase noise. 0 s; Trace 1 25. Trace Width Trace Width analysis calculates the minimum trace width needed in the design to handle the RMS current on any trace. The calculator has a number of shortfalls which need to be understood by PCB designers in order to use this tool. The online home of Runner's World magazine. Postage Price Calculator Price Calculator. (Is There A Way To) Change Track Widths 'On The Fly'? Is there a way to easily change the width of a track while routing, or post-routing? I know the conventional way is to assign your individual nets to groups that define the width, but say I lay down a track and want to change the size while routing or by editing after I have laid it down. hi, i have the project that needs to me to develop the source code for calculate irregular shapes area,length and width for rice seeds. First select your gender. Adequate trace width is necessary to ensure the desired amount of current can be transported without overheating and damaging your board. t he coordinates of T the two end points of the trace are entered into the calculator manually. This usage has been deprecated. Body Weight, Height, and Head Circumference Percentiles Calculator for Infants: calculate your infant's body Weight, Height, and Head Circumference, and percentile to assess and track your infant's growth at home. You can calculate an approximation of your car's Center of Gravity by raising the rear axel at least 10 inches and plugging in the new front wheel weights, wheelbase, rear axel height above the ground while level and axel height after being raised. PCB Trace Width Calculator PCB trace is one of the important PCB design parameters. Checking Trace Width Using Design Tools Most design tools offer functionality to perform a basic check of the trace width in a design. trace may vary significantly along the trace length. fly easy to naturally flow is the charm of this gimmick. The tech stack for this site is fairly boring. It influences the air volume and tyre width. Therefore the total charge is difficult to calculate. This calculator calculates the trace resistance of a PCB. It incorporates many features that PCB designers and engineers are in regular need of like current capacity of a PCB trace, via current and much more. 4 = 381 millimeters. The approximate formulas used to calculate the inductance are provided along with restrictions on the relative size of the various parameters. Trace Spacing Calculator Trace Spacing Spacing in Internal Layers These Formulas are approximations! They should not be used when a high degree of accuracy is required. Get a quote for your next shipment. How to create a 3D Terrain with Google Maps and height maps in Photoshop - 3D Map Generator Terrain - Duration: 20:32. The trace width is 6mil (per most manufacture recommendations) and the space between the trace and the resistor is 6mil equally. Elements Determining Maximum Current Carrying Capacity Although a simple formula can be directly employed to calculate maximum current carrying capacity, practical cases are not that simple and direct. ods format [] [Student HandoutThis spreadsheet demonstrates the spectral distribution of the slit function, transmission, and measured light for a simulated dispersive absorption spectrophotometer with a continuum light source, adjustable wavelength, mechanical slit width. The next step with the open-source charge controller project is to design the printed circuit board (PCB). 00000785 X 1 = 24. Please select whether you have a maximum voltage drop as given value or a required power output. Depends on your PCB and circuit. The proper trace width is required so that currents can flow without overheating. Use our circumference calculator to find the radius when you only have the circumference or area of a circle. What's the best tyre size?" Also, it shows tyre width range for the selected rim: minimum, ideal and maximum tyre widths. trace width/space 5 mil), 2 oz (min. Copper PCB Trace Voltage Drop Calculator Copper Resistivity Calculator Trace width (w) Trace length (L) DC current ( I ) r I L d w is the trace length, in inches. , the cross-sectional area or thickness of the conductor, current and temperature rise as in fig. the opposite is true according to the calculator???? Why? In air, the external layers have better heat transfer due to convection. Including the transition and the chute length and a 5‐meter staging area, how long does. This distance is determined based on the arch's height [H] and width [K]. Conductor / Copper thickness The following table shows the maximum allowed conductor trace width with the minimum conductor trace spacing , depending on the respective copper thickness. Pulse repetition frequencies have increased from about 5 kHz in 1995 to 150 kHz presently, reducing spatial grid resolutions to < 0. Based on these page characteristics the script then offers advice on how to improve page load time. , it gives an answer to the question:”I’m going for 6. This is the reason why engineers specify the trace width in their designs. 5: 8 3/8" 21. Waist to Hip Ratio Calculator Your waist to hip ratio is an important tool that helps you determine your overall health risk. Then simply let our calculator do the rest. Ohm's Law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to its resistance. Our density calculator helps you determine your freight rate. 1 through 1. The chart to the left is adapted from columns B1, B2, B4 of IPC 2221B Table 6-1. Some curtains, such as tabbed top, have sufficient fullness if 1½ times the track or pole measurement. THESE FORMULAS ARE APPROXIMATIONS! They should not be used when a high degree of accuracy is required. If the phrase does not appear, change your browser settings to enable Java (or JavaScript). Then, follow the directions for “Calculating Area of a Field Marked with Waypoints” above to create a route around the outside edge of the farm and calculate the area. Trace max current is a requirement that designers specify to ensure that the trace can handle the required current capacity. Play around a bit. Use this donation calculator to find, calculate, as well as document the value of non-cash donations. mil site by inspecting your browser’s address (or “location”) bar. only in conjunction with my own spreadsheets to calculate weight transfer, and only because I can't justify the cost of anything more. This tool is designed to calculate the resistance of a microstrip trace with a. Our acreage calculator will quickly tell you how many acres are in an area of land measured in either feet, yards, or meters. Minimum trace width. Om Multi-Teknik. How to use PCB Calculator for 50ohm transmission lines? W = Width of Trace L = Length of Trace I have no idea what the ? parameters mean. Lastly, enter your height in meters or feet and click calculate. Then click Calculate. A trace width impedance calculator will naturally interface with interactive routing tools in your PCB design software. If the sample size calculator says you need more respondents, we can help. I found it more useful than the Apple version because it had graph plotting and statistical analysis in the same package. 2 m Euro pallet in mind. Printed Circuit Design Tutorial (B. The online home of Runner's World magazine. If the amount of current rises continuously, at one point, it would be unsafe for the circuit as well as the board. I will not be held responsible for any mishap or loss, either direct or consequential, that may occur as a result of relying on the figures herein. And I want to set it so that all new manual traces get created at that size. Been searching for a chart that list the width's of 9'' rearends but not having any luck. We want to explain how these factors affect the cross section and how to calculate a wire cross section. Definition and Usage. Calculate trace width values based using the IPC-2221 charts by providing inputs such as current thickness and temperature values. x Width Ft. Start studying Forensic Tire Impressions. This calculator will calculate trace current/temperature parameters for virtually any size trace thickness and width. These calculator computes the capacitance between two parallel plates. Some curtains, such as tabbed top, have sufficient fullness if 1½ times the track or pole measurement. Tyre Size Calculator | A Guide to tyre sizes. This calculator can help. So, we have come up with LED light Estimator to meet need of all the customers. We also developed a new model for this paper we call “TRM Fuse. Use this online vinyl deck calculator to determine the cost of all flooring materials you will need to install Econodek outdoor waterproof vinyl decking. The width will now change to the same value in all the rows highlighted in step 3. It lists recommended minimum. ) you will arrive at a minimum wheelbase fo pactical purpose. calculate the temperature rise and set the trace width to keep it where you want it. Elements Determining Maximum Current Carrying Capacity Although a simple formula can be directly employed to calculate maximum current carrying capacity, practical cases are not that simple and direct. I also leverage Jetpack for extra functionality and Local for local development. SAFER TRACE™ enables engineers to create gaseous or liquid mixtures. But it is not so simple. PCB Trace Width calculator: When making PCBs you sometimes needs a trace that will handle a lot of current. trace width/space 4 mil), 1 oz (min. An online calculator to calculate the length and width (dimensions) of a rectangle given its perimeter and diagonal. The equipment, with its 2. (IMPEDANCE CONTROL) by "Printed Circuit Design & Fab"; Business Business, international Computers and office automation. So I need to choose the correct trace width/spacing, am I right? Previously I was used 5mils width and 6mils spacing differential traces. When laying pipes, to attain its full potential as a load bearing structure, trench width, proper bedding and backfilling are equally as important as the actual pipe strength. developerWorks blogs allow community members to share thoughts and expertise on topics that matter to them, and engage in conversations with each other. Coverage Calculator. Visit and check out intertior, exterior, features and car specifications. trace thickness; ANSI Trace Width Calculator An on-line calculator for determining trace widths to the ANSI guidelines. For diehard Win 7 users, which refuse to move to Windows 10, we improved stability under Windows 7 to allow these users to participate on the latest version of the GSD Calculator. Valid for rectilinear images only. The "Track Width Calculator" is based on data from IPC temperature charts. The third section will list backing plate to backing plate on the rear differential. Where to find Turning Circle? Use the buttons on the right of the Axle Weight Calculator to switch to the turning circle view. Trace Width Trace Width analysis calculates the minimum trace width needed in the design to handle the RMS current on any trace. MULTI-TEKNIK mönsterkort AB tillhandahåller PCB, kretskort och lodpastaplåtar - PCB Trace width calculator 3. The relationship between trace width and current carrying capacity in your printed circuit boards is fairly straightforward. - scan speed and scan angle (swath width) - altitude of platform - pulse frequency For a given set of operating conditions, pulse frequency becomes the primary figure of merit. The industry standard for identifying rubber tracks is to know the width and pitch in millimeters, and the number of links. For example, if you wish to input "25000000", just type "25M" instead. But empirical testing shows roughly a 50% reduction in trace resistance. (See the Specifications chart for each tractor to see what the “standard” wheels are for that model. This calculator is useful for planning your rig, allowing you to see what kind of performance to expect from different combinations. Intuitively I would say the required internal trace width would be less than the external case. A good heat insulator blankets the internal layers, so they get hotter for a given width and current. Use this donation calculator to find, calculate, as well as document the value of non-cash donations. The app will keep track of what you did, tell you how long to rest between sets, and give you the exercises/weights to do next workout. Explore vector representations, and add air resistance to investigate the factors that influence drag. is the trace depth (as derived from the copper weight), in mils. The classification calculator is for guidance only. Notice that the track width calculator contains a group titled "Internal layer traces". You can use the online calculator to determine how many cubic yards of material are required. The online home of Runner's World magazine. dump angle Vehicle width Standard track / Wide track Width with bucket Turning radius from center-machine. As we can see with Grounded coplanar waveguide the width of the track is really thinner than with Microstrip and the gap between min and max have a lower range. We were discussing only the width of the tire as it relates to the contact area. The starting and ending points of wide line segments are at the center of the line. This circuit board has specifications that it will work with up to 20A DC, hence I need to ensure that the thickness of the tracks is able to cope with this current without any problems. Gear Selector. For this reason, trace width is important in the design of striplines. 6A in outer layer of a standard 1 oz copper PCB. 0 s; Trace 1 25. If you are looking for a model railway that wants to pass from a level of its model railway into a lower or higher, you will find in the online shop of NOCH exactly what you are looking for!. Use our Tire Size Calculator to find the suggested tire size specs for your vehicle. Measure a Distance. Thankfully, any circuit board can be designed to have a proper trace width with an accurate trace width calculator. Those traces may need to be a little wider than the normal traces used for standard signals. Roofing a house is usually a job best left to professionals. Most of our tractors are equipped with adjustable-track-width wheels. A three-foot section of flexible track will replace four 9" pieces of sectional track, so with fewer connections to worry about, you have a big plus for the flex. With the Multi-CB impedance calculator, you can calculate the approximate impedance dimensioning of your PCB / high frequency circuit board. Printed Circuit Design Tutorial (B. As this is afflicted with tolerances, we put the tuning buttons there, in order to see what effect a ±10 % change will cause. 001 inches). Rubber Track Size Industry Standard Formula. For simplicity sake, if. The surface finish is neglected. They will get you "in the ball park" quickly, and are a good place to start a design. For example to calculate the relative path in a reliable way. TCee September 17, 2019 at 5:08 am Reply. Writing courses. But before you jump in, make sure that you are ready with your list of inputs necessary for creating a budget. As a consequence the tolerance to small variation is better. When laying pipes, to attain its full potential as a load bearing structure, trench width, proper bedding and backfilling are equally as important as the actual pipe strength. When in the correct place, the mouse pointer turns into a double-line with an intersecting arrow. I would calculate the area of Two circles separately. BGA packages). 2x1m pallets). We design and manufacture premium compact track loaders and skid steers that are purpose-built to lead the. You want to design this to be 50 Ohms at your desired transmit frequency. Differential impedance is defined as the impedance between the two lines when the line pair is driven differentially. 19 (Contact Stresses) of Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design. PCB design toolkit – PCB Via Current | PCB Trace Width | Differential Pair Calculator | PCB Impedance The Saturn PCB Toolkit is the best resource for PCB related calculations you can find. In this mode an impedance discontinuity will cause a reflection whereby some of the signal's energy will reflect back down the line whilst the remaining signal will con of impedance discontinuities are variations in trace width, and the presence of vias, connectors, or the. Fill in all the boxes to find how many bricks or blocks are in a wall (or how many you need to build a specific wall). Finding the arc width and height. Voltage is important only to determine how far one trace is from another trace, pad or other conductive object. This number multiplied by the width of the track is generally the calculated width for the most generous fullness in the finished curtains. An easy way to measure seat width is to place a book on each side of the hips while seated then measure the distance between the. By determining its trace resistance, the contribution of a microstrip to the overall circuit resistance can be evaluated. Terman and can be found in the Radio Engineers Handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1945. However, other calculators may be available online or within your CAD software. ANSI PCB Trace Width Calculator Trace Width Calculator #2 Trace Width Calculator #3 PCB Trace Amperage Chart The following ratings are based on 2 OZ per square foot of copper and an ambient temperature of 90 degrees F (32 deg. Best match for track width calculator. They discuss the older IPC-2221A standard, but they still provide useful insight. Coplanar Waveguide Analysis/Synthesis Calculator. Do read Standard IPC-2152 Standard for Determining Current Carrying Capacity of Printed Circuit Boards- it has been updated in 2009 with current charts for copper PCB traces. If you want new tool please mail to:[email protected] Enter radius Miles Kilometres Enter town name or postcode or click on the map. So, this is really the one measurement we have to look at when discussing rim width to tyre width in the respect of rolling efficiency, comfort and air volume. It also calculates trace resistance at a given length and temperature, and voltage drop across the trace for a given current. Trace thickness is 0. Since the width is a millimeter (metric system) measurement, it is a general practice to convert this measurement to the metric system; for example, 15 x 25. Also note that the discussed requirements here are related only to breakdown safety. The formula, L = 2S + 2pi(R + (n-1)w) can be used to calculate the distances around the track for the various lanes. The processor is an SOIC-8 form factor. Then enter either your wrist size or elbow breadth. Simply choose the appropriate tab to calculate roll weight, diameter or length. Use the Google Maps Area Calculator Tool to draw an area on a map and find out the measurement of the enclosed area. You do need to be a bit careful though because most tanks have two types of track: (1) a narrow track used when being transported, and (2) a wider track used for combat. Useful converters and calculators. Turner Motorsport is the #1 source of high performance BMW parts, OEM BMW replacement parts and BMW accessories.